1-Taher, N. A. ( 2008 ). Assessment of genetic diversity among Wheat varieties in sulaimanyah usingRAPD analysis. Jordan journal of biology sciences.1( 4 ) :159 – 164.
2-Hussain, S. S. and Qamar, R. (2007).Wheat genomics challenges and alternative strategies.Proc. Pakistan acad. Sci. 44 ( 4 ) :305 – 327.
3-Nadia, H. ; Imad, N. and Nizar, M. (2010). Comparison of the Efficiency of A – PAGE and SDS – PAGE، ISSR and RAPD In resolving genetic relationships among Triticum and Aegilops Species. Genet. Resour Crop. Evol. 57:1023 – 1039.
4-Gill, B. S. ( 2004 ). National wheat workers workshop. February 22 – 25, Embassy Suites KCI, Kansas City.
5-Cortizas, A. M ; Fraga, E. and Elvira, M. I. ( 1997 ). Comparative stupy of classical and numerical taxonomic methods for infraspecific taxa of Triticum aestivum traditionally cultivated in Galicia.Lagascalia. 19 ( 2 ):919 – 926.
6-Gonzales, R. G. G. and Pacheco, I. T.( 2006 ). Advances in agricultural and food biotechnology. Research Signpost.2:99 – 134.
7-Maniatis، T. ; Fritsch، F. F. and Sambrook، J. ( 2001 ). In vitro application of DNA by the polymerase chain Reaction in molecular cloning : A Laboratory Manual. 2nd ed.، Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, USA, p. 691.
8-Zietkiewicz, E. ; Rafalski, A. and Labuda, D. ( 1994 ).Genome fingerprint by simple
sequence repeat ( SSR ) – anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification. Genomics. 20:176 - 183.
9-Nei, M. and Li, W. H. (1979). Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction Endonucleases. Proceeding of the National Academy of Science, USA. 74:5269 - 5273.
10-Sneath, P. H. A. and Sokal, R. R. (1973). Numerical taxonomy: The principles and practice of numerical classification. W. H. Freeman co. San Francisco. California
11-Rohlf, F. J. ( 2002 ). Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis System. NTSYS version 2.11a. Applied Biostatistics Inc. New York, Stony Brook. N.Y. USA.
12-Esselman, E. J. ; Crawford, D. J. ; Brauner, S. ; Stuessy, T. F. ;Anderson, G. J. and Mariosilva, O. (2000). RAPD markers diversity with in and divergence among species of Dendroseris (Asteraceae : lactuceae). Am. J. Bot. 87:591 – 609.
13-Mona, H. A. ; Elrabey, R. M. ; Khalaf, M. H. and Elhalafawi, K.( 2009 ). Cytological and Molecular characterization of some Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Egypt. j.Genet. Cytol.38:235 – 250.
14-Hanna, M. A. ( 2011 ). Assessment of genetic diversity among Wheat Somaclonal variants lines using morphological traits and molecular Markers. African Journal of Biotechnology، 1 ( 66 ):1451 – 1486.
15-Williams, J. G. K. ; Kubeli, A. R. ; Livak, K. J. ; Rafalski, J. A. and Tingey, S. V. ( 1990 ). DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucl. Acids Res. 18: 6531 – 6535.
16-Xingquan, Z. ; Yajuan, W. ; Weiyan, L. ; Changyou, W. ; Xinlum, L. and Wanquan, J. ( 2010 ). Comparison of the genetic Diversity between Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao and Tibetan wheat landraces (Triticum aestivum L. ) by using intro – Splice junction primers. Genet Resour Crop Evol. 57:1141 – 1150.
17-Williams, J. G. K. ; Hanafey, M. K. ; Rafalski، J. A. and Tingey, S. V. (1993). Genetic analysis using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Methods in Enzymology, 218:704 – 741.
18-Weising, K. ; Nybom, H. ; Wolff, K. and Kahl, G. (2005). DNA Fingerprinting in Plants Principles, Methods, and Applications 2nd Edition. Taylor and Francis Group.
19-Bardakci, F. (2001). Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Turh. Journal. Biol. 25:185 – 196.
20 ــ العاصی ، عقیل حسین علی. ( 2002 ). استخدام مؤشرات الدنا فی تحلیل التنوع الوراثی للشعیر (Hordeum vulgare L. ) المزروع فی العراق. أطروحة دکتوراه. کلیة التربیة ابن الهیثم - جامعة بغداد.